Chiyambireni njinga zoyamba kukhala zokwanira kuyendetsa m'misewu yamzindawu, anthu adayamba kuwayesa pamitundu yonse.Kuyendetsa pamapiri ndi madera owopsa kunatenga nthawi pang'ono kuti kukhale kotheka komanso kutchuka ndi anthu wamba, koma izi sizinaimitse oyendetsa njinga kuyesa ngakhale mitundu yakale kwambiri ya njinga pamalo osakhululuka.Zitsanzo zoyambirira zakupalasa njingaPamalo okhwima adabwera kuchokera ku 1890s pomwe magulu angapo ankhondo adayesa njinga kuti aziyenda mwachangu m'mapiri.Zitsanzo za izi zinali Asilikali a Buffalo ochokera ku US ndi Swiss asilikali.M'zaka zingapo zoyambirira za 20th century, panjiranjingaKuyendetsa kunali chinthu chosadziŵika bwino cha okwera njinga ochepa amene ankafuna kukhala olimba m'miyezi yozizira.Chisangalalo chawo chinakhala masewera ovomerezeka mu 1940s ndi 1950s ndi imodzi mwazochitika zokonzekera zomwe zinkachitika mu 1951 ndi 1956 kunja kwa Paris kumene magulu a oyendetsa 20 ankakonda mipikisano yomwe inali yofanana kwambiri ndi njinga zamakono zamakono.Mu 1955 UK adapanga gulu lawo la okwera njinga zapamsewu "The Rough Stuff Fsoci", ndipo patadutsa zaka khumi mu 1956 mtundu woyamba wa "njinga yamapiri" udapangidwa mu msonkhano wa woyendetsa njinga waku Oregon D. Gwynn.Pofika koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, njinga zamapiri zidayamba kupangidwa ndi opanga angapo ku US ndi UK, makamaka ngati njinga zomangika zomwe zidapangidwa kuchokera kumafelemu amayendedwe wamba.
Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970 ndi kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1980 kunabwera njinga zamapiri zowona zomwe zinapangidwa kuchokera pansi ndi matayala olimbikitsidwa, kuyimitsidwa komangidwa, mafelemu opepuka opangidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo zamakono ndi zipangizo zina zomwe zidatchuka mu zonsezi.njinga yamotomotocross ndi kukwera kutchuka kwaMtengo BMXgawo.Ngakhale opanga akuluakulu adasankha kuti asapange njinga zamtunduwu, makampani atsopano monga MountainBikes, Ritchey ndi Specialized adayatsa njira yodziwika bwino yanjinga za "malo onse".Anayambitsa mitundu yatsopano ya mafelemu, magiya omwe amathandizira mpaka magiya 15 kuti azitha kuyendetsa mosavuta kukwera phiri komanso malo osakhazikika.
Pofika m'ma 1990, njinga zamapiri zidakhala zodziwika padziko lonse lapansi pomwe madalaivala amawagwiritsa ntchito pamitundu yonse yamtunda ndipo pafupifupi opanga onse amayesetsa kupanga mapangidwe abwinoko.Kukula kwa magudumu odziwika kwambiri kunakhala mainchesi 29, ndipo zitsanzo za njinga zidalekanitsidwa m'magulu ambiri oyendetsa - Cross-Country, Downhill, Free Ride, All-Mountain, Trials, Dirt Jumping, Urban, Trail kukwera ndi Mountain Bike Touring.
Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa njinga zamapiri ndi wambaRnjinga zamotondi kukhalapo kwa kuyimitsidwa kogwira, matayala okulirapo, makina amagetsi amphamvu, kupezeka kwa magiya otsika (nthawi zambiri pakati pa magiya 7-9 pa gudumu lakumbuyo ndi magiya atatu kutsogolo), mabuleki amphamvu a disc, ndi gudumu lolimba kwambiri ndi mphira. zipangizo.Oyendetsa njinga zamapiri atangoyamba kumene kuvomereza kufunika kovala zida zodzitchinjiriza (m'mbuyomu kuposa woyendetsa njinga zamaluso) ndi zida zina zothandiza monga zipewa, magolovesi, zida zankhondo, zoyala, zida zothandizira, magalasi, zida zanjinga, magetsi amphamvu kwambiri pakuyendetsa usiku. , hydration systems ndi GPS navigation zipangizo.Mountain Bikeokwera njingaomwe amayendetsa m'malo ovuta amakhalanso okonzeka kubweretsa zida zokonzera njinga limodzi nawo.
Mipikisano ya njinga zamapiri kumapiri inayambitsidwa m'maseŵera a Olimpiki m'chilimwe cha 1996, kwa mpikisano wa amuna ndi akazi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-04-2022